Annealing yog kom sov cov hlau mus rau qhov kub siab tshaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau (qee zaum, nws tseem tuaj yeem ua kom sov kom qis dua qhov tseem ceeb), thiab maj mam txias nws tom qab kev txuag hluav taws xob kom tau txais cov qauv uas kwv yees li hauv kev sib npaug. Lub hom phiaj ntawm annealing yog los txo cov hardness ntawm steel los pab txiav; tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv lossis ua haujlwm txias thiab txhim kho cov yas kom yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm txias; txhawm rau txhim kho lossis tshem tawm cov tshuaj tsis sib xws thiab cov qauv ntawm qhov khoob uas tsim thaum lub sij hawm casting, forging (rolling), thiab vuam. (xws li kev sib cais, banded qauv thiab Widmanstatten qauv) los txhim kho nws cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo thiab kev siv tau; kho cov nplej, txhim kho cov txheej txheem sib xws ntawm cov khoom tsim tawm, thiab npaj cov qauv rau kev kho cua sov zaum kawg.
Raws li lub deformation ntawm hluav taws xob steel nce thaum lub caij txias dov, tsis tsuas yog cov kev hloov ntawm microstructure, xws li cov thawj coarse equiaxes yog elongated raws li dov cov kev taw qhia, tab sis kuj lub dislocation ceev nce ho, ua rau lub zog thiab hardness vim ua hauj lwm hardening. Raws li qhov kub thiab txias, plasticity txo qis, ua rau cov khoom siv tsis yooj yim rau kev ua haujlwm ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, recrystallization annealing yuav tsum tau siv los tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv ntawm kev ua haujlwm hardening thiab rov ua kom muaj peev xwm deformation. Covtxias-kuav los tiag silicon steelyog rhuab kom siab tshaj qhov kub ntawm recrystallization kom tso cai rov qab thiab rov ua kom rov ua dua tshiab. Tom qab crystallization, tus qauv siv lead ua qub tau rov qab los, uas yog, lub koom haum ruaj khov tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab sab hauv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub zog yog txo qis thiab cov plasticity tau nce ntau.
Intermediate annealing ntawm non-oriented silicon steel
Nws yog tiag tiag recrystallization annealing. Raunon-oriented silicon hlauua los ntawm ob txheej txheem txias dov, nruab nrab annealing yuav tsum tau tom qab thawj txias dov. Lub hom phiaj yog:
① Tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab thiab ua kom mos thiab rov ua dua cov khoom siv;
② Ib nrab decarburize lub sawb thiab ua kom nws nto du;
③ Tswj lub recrystallized grain loj kom phim qhov thib ob txias dov txo tus nqi.
Txij li cov pa roj carbon ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tiav ntawm cov hlau tsis muaj kev taw qhia yuav tsum tau qis dua 27ppm, thiab cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm Wuhan Hlau thiab Hlau Steelmaking slab yog qhov siab, nws yuav tsum tau decarburization annealing. Lub npe hu ua decarburization annealing txhais tau hais tias cov pa roj carbon diffuses mus rau saum npoo ntawm steel sawb ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (feem ntau yog 840 degree), reacts nrog cov dej vapor hauv cov pa roj carbon monoxide los tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide. lub cub tawg los ntawm cov cua ntws hauv qhov cub. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tseem ceeb yog:
Hauv cov mis: K-decarburization cov tshuaj tiv thaiv equilibrium tas li
PCO-lub siab ib nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom CO hauv tag nrho cov cua;
PH2-qhov siab ib nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom H2 nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov huab cua;
CFe sawv cev rau cov ntsiab lus carbon hauv hlau;
PH2O-lub siab ib nrab ntawm cov dej vapor koom nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv tag nrho cov cua.
Nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov loj dua PH2O, qhov zoo dua cov nyhuv decarburization. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li PH2O nce, oxide zaj duab xis nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov hlau sawb thickens, uas nyob rau hauv lem cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm carbon thiab dej. Yog li, PH2O yog tswj hwm rau qee qhov ntau, uas yog, Los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov sib piv ib nrab siab PH2O / PH2 tus nqi. Feem ntau, PH2/PH2O=0.15 ~ 0.25 rau nruab nrab thiab qis-qib tsis-oriented steel, thiab qis dua qhov no rau qib high-qib tsis-oriented steel. Lub hom phiaj yog los tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm oxidation sab hauv thiab sab hauv nitriding txheej, uas yog detrimental rau hlau nplaum. Rau oriented steel, nws yog siab tshaj qhov no. , txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv decarburization, cov kev taw qhia ntws ntawm cov roj tiv thaiv hauv lub cub tawg yuav tsum yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov hlau sawb.
Ntxiv rau kev tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide mus rau qhov xav tau lub hom phiaj, qhov nruab nrab annealing kuj yuav tsum tau ua kom cov nplej ntawm cov hlau sawb ncav cuag qhov loj me, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hom hlau uas nws qhov thib ob txias dov yog qhov tseem ceeb txo tus nqi, los ntawm kev kho cov txheej txheem annealing. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb uas cov qoob loo loj ncav cuag qee qhov kev xav tau.
Cov khoom tiav tiav annealing yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb kom tau txais qhov kawg sib nqus thiab cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Rau cov uas tsis yog-oriented silicon steel ua los ntawm ib-lub sij hawm txias dov, tiav cov khoom annealing yuav tsum tau ib txhij ua kom tiav ob txoj hauj lwm ntawm decarburization thiab tsim cov khoom kawg. Rau cov qib high-qib nrog cov kev xav tau sib nqus siab dua Rau cov uas tsis yog-oriented silicon steel, cov khoom tiav annealing yog tsuas yog kom tau txais cov khoom sib nqus uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov khoom. Tshwj xeeb, qee lub tsev steel mills tuaj yeem tswj cov ntsiab lus carbon ntawm steelmaking billets qis dua 30 ppm. Yog li ntawd, decarburization tsis tas yuav tsum tau thaum lub sij hawm tom qab annealing txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom tiav, thiab cov khoom yuav raug tsim nyob rau hauv high speeds, txhim kho efficiency.