1.How ua intrinsic cov khoom siv cuam tshuam cuam tshuam kev ua tau zoo?
Cov pa roj carbon (c): ib qho ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Qhov nce nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus carbon cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb nce steel lub zog thiab hardness, tab sis muaj kev txo qis nws cov plasterity thiab kev nruj. Piv txwv li, qis}}} cov hlau hlau (c tsawg dua lossis sib npaug lossis 0.%%) muaj nws zoo rau kev ua haujlwm nyuaj. Siab -} roj carbon steel (C> 0.6%) muaj tsuas yog rau kev khoov yooj yim lossis kev sib tsoo kom tawg thaum lub sijhawm vuam.
Manganese (MN): txhim kho cov hlau lub zog thiab tawv. Ib qho kev sib ntxiv hauv nruab nrab (piv txwv li, 0.3% -1.5%) tuaj yeem ua rau cov hmoov hluav taws xob poprittlement ntawm carbon thiab txhim kho stamping kev ua tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau dhau ntawm tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov hlau cov nplej loj thiab txo cov kev ruaj khov.
Sulphurur (s) thiab phosphorus (p): muaj teeb meem impurities. Sulphur reacts nrog hlau los ua daim ntawv tsawg {1} Melting {, uas tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau "kub brittleness" (tawg) ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab kub. Phosphorus txo cov steel qis - kub todness, ua rau "txias brittleness" (tawg thaum muaj tsawg {. Yog li no, nws cov ntsiab lus yog nruj me ntsis tswj tau tsawg dua lossis sib npaug nrog 0.05%, p tsawg dua lossis sib npaug nrog 0.045%). Silicon (si), txhuas (al): silicon tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog, tab sis ntau dhau yuav nce lub hardness thiab txo cov xim av; Aluminium yog tsuas yog siv rau cov nplej kom ua kom zoo, thiab ntxiv cov nyiaj tsim nyog tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kev coj ua zoo thiab txhim kho lub platform "thaum lub sijhawm tsis txhob muaj wrinkles tom qab ua).
2.Qhov dab tsi yog microstructure muaj rau deformation muaj peev xwm?
Grain loj: lub finer thiab ntau dua cov nplej ua nplej, qhov zoo dua cov txheej txheem. Cov nplej nplua nplej dispers deformation ntxhov siab, tiv thaiv cov kev ntxhov siab hauv cov neeg muaj kev ntxhov siab hauv nroog uas tuaj yeem ua rau tawg. Ntxhib lossis uneven nplej tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau "txiv kab ntxwv tev" (saum npoo tsis sib xws) lossis tawg thaum lub sijhawm ua. Piv txwv li, annealed txias- rolled steel (nrog rau cov hmoov nplej uas tsis muaj zog) muaj 30% ntau dua li cov hlau tsis muaj zog
Microstructure: Txias - rolled steel yog feem ntau tsim ntawm ferrite (ib theem muag) nrog ib qho me me ntawm cov hlawsite (ib theem nyuaj). Ib feem ntau dua ntawm ferrite txhim kho cov plasterity. Ntau lub hlaws (xws li nyob rau hauv high- cov hlau hlau) tuaj yeem ua rau kev teeb meem hauv kev tsim khoom vim muaj ntau yam nyuaj theem. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov martensite (ib qho nyuaj thiab loj hlob) tom qab quenching
3.Yog dab tsi cov nyhuv txias tawg tau muaj kev ua tau zoo?
Kev Deformation Me me (piv txwv li, 10%-} 20%): Qhov kev sib xyaw yog qhov zoo, ua kom haum rau kev siv nyiaj nruab nrab (xws li cov cuab yeej siv nyiaj).
Kev Deformation loj (piv txwv li, tshaj 50%): Cov kev siv zog loj dua, tab sis siv tau yooj yim dua, tab sis tsis yooj yim dua lossis tsis yog {{5 def} deformation ua (xws li bracket raug).
Yog tias muaj kuab yuav tsum tau rov qab los, annealing (cua sov rau cov recrystallization kub kom tshem tawm cov nplej zom) kom tshem tawm cov khoom tawv. Piv txwv li, tom qab "annealing tag nrho" ntawm nyuaj {1} Lub zog yog muab txo rau ntau dua 25%, ntsib txoj cai ntawm cov khoom siv sib tw.
4.Yog dab tsi ua cov txheej txheem anealing muaj nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm?
Tag nrho Annealing: Muab cua sov rau AC3 lossis saum toj no (ua tiav cov tshuab ua kom zoo me me, ua rau muaj cov xim zoo me me, ua rau cov pob stamping (piv txwv li, tsheb lub qhov rooj).
Tsis tiav Annaling: Cov cua sov rau AC1-AC3 tsuas yog muaj micrchtructure ib nrab hloov, tsis tiav eliminating hardening. Qhov no ua rau muaj lub zog siab tab sis muaj zog nruab nrab thiab yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov yooj yim (piv txwv li, tej yam tshuab.
Ntau dhau txias: Qhov no txwv tsis pub ua kom zoo nkauj thiab tej zaum yuav tsim martection, uas txo cov zog (piv txwv li cov hlau quenched tab sis tsis tempered).
5.Qhov cuam tshuam dab tsi ua qhov chaw zoo thiab cov tiaj ncem muaj ntawm machining kev ua tau zoo?
Cov nplai Roughness: Chaw nrog cov nplai, khawb, lossis ua rau cov roj tsis zoo "ncab" (qhov muag sab saum toj) thaum ua haujlwm. Hloov siab, ib daim iav du (xws li daim iav -}} Rolled zoo thiab tsis tshua yuav tawg thaum lub sijhawm stamping.
Flats: Txias {- rolled steel nrog laim tsis zoo ib yam (piv txwv li, misaligned teeb tsa ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev).