Yuav ua li cas yuav muaj kev ntsuas zoo raws li kev cuam tshuam qhov kub thiab txias thaum vuam?

Sib txuam Kub yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv multi {0} {{{1} - {(hais txog qhov ntsuas kub ntawm Weld dhau los ua ntej Weld Pass). Nws tus nqi ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau microstructure, kev ntxhov siab, thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm weld thiab tshav kub}} kev cuam tshuam thaj chaw (Haz). Los ntawm kev saib xyuas qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov ntsuas qhov tsim nyog, kev ntsuas ua ntej tuaj yeem ua txog Weld cov kev pheej hmoo. Cov kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb logic thiab hauv paus yog li hauv qab no:
1. Kev txiav txim siab tsim nyog cuam tshuam qhov ntsuas kub rau Q275 hlau
Q275 yog qhov qis -} carbon, tua cov hlau (cov ntsiab lus carbon (carbon) muaj zog dua li Q235 thiab muaj zog me ntsis. Lub interpais kub yuav tsum tau hloov kho raws li phaj tuab, vuam txoj kev, thiab qhov kub thiab txias. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib tsoo quench tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua kom txias sai thiab kom tiv thaiv cov coarsening grainening los ntawm overheating. Rau cov phaj nyias (tuab tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 10mm): Qhov kev cuam tshuam kub tau pom zoo kom tswj tau ntawm 150-250 degree.
Kom tuab daim hlau (thickness> 10mm) lossis cov kev ntsuas kub uas tau tswj hwm tau los ntawm kev ua kom txias ntau dhau ntawm ib qho dhau).
Thaum vuam hauv qhov qis -} huab cua kub ib puag ncig (<0°C): the interpass temperature should be increased to 250-350°C (to compensate for excessive heat dissipation from the environment).
Ii. Kev Ntsuas Zoo Thaum lub interpais Kub yog tsawg heev (hauv qab qhov qis dua ntawm cov ntau yam tsim nyog)
Ntau dhau kev cuam tshuam kub tshaj tawm tias yav dhau los weld dhau mus txias heev, ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg "ntawm tshav kub}}} cuam tshuam cheeb tsam thiab weld hlau. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau cov teeb meem hauv qab no, uas tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog cov ntaub ntawv kub thiab txias:
1. Nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab nrib pleb txias
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: ntawm qhov kub tsawg, cov cua sov - be} cuam tshuam cheeb tsam ntawm cov qauv ntawm Weld dhau los (xws li martensite). Tsis tas li ntawd, hydrogen nyob rau hauv weld (los ntawm cov roj hluav taws xob lossis cov roj hlau) yog qhov nyuaj rau diffuse, ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm kev ntxhov siab cov ntsiab lus. Kev Txiav Txim Hauv:
Cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas kub qhia tau hais tias lub sib tshuam yog xwm yeem hauv qab 150℃(rau nyias phaj) lossis 200℃(rau cov phaj tuab);
Cov kev hloov pauv zoo lossis cov kab nrib pleb ntev yuav tshwm sim rau ntawm Weld saum npoo lossis ze ntawm Weld (feem ntau txias, uas tuaj yeem tsim muaj nyob hauv cov sij hawm tom qab vuam);
Nondestructive kev kuaj (xws li UT thiab MT) yuav qhia tawm tsis xws luag nyob ze rau cov cua sov -}}}} kub thaj chaw.
2. Txo cov tawv ntawm Weld thiab kub-}} cuam tshuam cheeb tsam
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: cov khoom txias sai sai ua rau tsis muaj micrardure latherement, xws li ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau Q275 Welds).
Kev Txiav Txim Hauv:
Lub interpais kub yog xwm yeem hauv qab no cov khoom siv tau, thiab tshaj tawm - weld tempering tsis tau ua;
Cov cuab yeej cuab yeej cuab tam qhia pom tias muaj kev txo qis hauv kev cuam tshuam lub zog (piv txwv li,<20J), indicating brittle fracture. III. Quality Assessment When the Interpass Temperature is Excessively High (Exceeding the Upper Limit of the Reasonable Range)
Kev kub siab tshaj plaws uas kub siab tuaj yeem ua rau cov chaw weld kom nyob twj ywm kub rau ncua sijhawm ntev, ua rau overheating. Cov tsis xws luag zoo tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
1. Nce kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov thermal tawg (crystallization tawg)
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: thaum muaj weld hlau nplej loj hlob dhau, thiab phosphorus impurities (sib sau ntawm cov kab ke nplej, sib sau ua kua "zaj duab xis." Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm vuam kev ntxhov siab, cov kab nrib pleb loj hlob ntawm cov ciaj ciam nplej (thermal tawg feem ntau tshwm sim hauv Weld Center lossis ze ntawm kab Fusion).
Kev Txiav Txim Hauv:
Cov ntaub ntawv ntsuas kub qhia tau tias kev cuam tshuam qhov kub tshaj 300℃(rau cov tuab tuab) lossis 350℃(rau tsawg {}}} qhov chaw dej sov);
Longitudinal tawg yuav tshwm sim raws qhov ntev ntawm weld deg (thermal nrib pleb feem ntau pom ntawm cov nplaim thiab tshwm sim tam sim ntawd tom qab vuam);
Macroscopic Surch nthuav qhia cov cim qhia ntawm "Weld hlau (xws li cov xim zoo nkauj (xws li cov xim beld thiab cua sov {1}- kub cuam tshuam cheeb tsam
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: overheating ua rau muaj cov roj av ntawm cov av weld thiab cua sov {{} Qhov loj me me yuav poob ntawm qib 8 rau hauv qab qib 4). Thaum txias txias, ntxhib daim ntawv thiab ferrite ferrite thiab ferrite daim ntawv, tshwm sim hauv ib qho 5% txo qis hauv lub zog (xws li lub zog tensile) thiab qhov txo qis hauv kev nruj.
Kev Txiav Txim Hauv:
Sustained excessive interpass temperature (e.g., >300 degree) thiab siab weld tshav kub tawm (siab tam sim no, qeeb ceev);
Cov cuab yeej cov khoom ntiag tug qhia tensile lub zog hauv qab niam txiv cov khoom siv hauv paus 410-540 MPa yuav poob qis dua 20 j;
Metallographic analysis reveals coarse grains in the weld (>50 μm) thiab muaj qhov "coarse - nplej cheeb tsam" hauv tshav kub- cuam tshuam cheeb tsam.
3. Nce vuam distortion
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus: muaj kub kub nce plasticity ntawm cov khoom. Ntau dhau kev cuam tshuam qhov kub sim ua rau kev nthuav dav ntau dhau hauv wrden monsaction tom qab txias angular lossis devend deformation. Kev Txiav Txim Hauv:
Lub interfab kub tshaj qhov tau txais ntau yam thiab cov qauv rigidity yog tsawg (piv txwv li, nyias phaj spicing);
Tshaj tawm - Weld geometric sceomiation ntau dua li tus qauv (piv txwv li cov qib siab), xav tau kev kho kom tau raws li tus qauv.
IV. Qhov kev txiav txim siab zoo thaum lub nruab nrab kub yog nyob rau hauv ntau lees paub ntau
Yog hais tias lub interfab kub tau tswj tau nyob rau hauv cov kev pom zoo ntau (150-350 degree, kho raws li phaj tuab thiab qhov no feem ntau qhia tau tias thaum lub sij hawm vuam:
Tus nqi cua txias yog qhov nruab nrab, cov cua sov - Cov txiv ntoo loj + ferrite, uas tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg yog tsawg;
Lub weld hlau nplej tsis dhau zus, impurity segregation tsis tseem ceeb, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kub tawg yog tsawg tawg;
Hydrogen diffusion yog qhov txaus (thaum kev sib txuam kub yog ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 150 degree, lub hydrogen diffusion coeffusure nce siab), thiab qhov ntxim nyiam nce ntxiv), thiab qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm kev tawg qeeb.
Txij ntawm no, Weld zoo tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ua kom tau txais, tab sis zaum kawg kev tshuaj xyuas (tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas (tsis muaj kev sib tham) thiab tsis muaj kev sim siab.