1.Qhov kub cuam tshuam zinc ions?
Tsawg kub (<20°C):
Eleccess viscosity yog siab, thiab zinc ion diffusion tus nqi yog qeeb. Txij ntawm no, siv qhov ceev tam sim no yuav ua rau "tsis muaj suab npe" ntawm zinc ions ntawm cathode nto vim yog kev noj nrawm. Qhov no ua rau:
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nuclei uas twb muaj lawm vim yog tsis muaj ib puag ncig ib puag ncig;
Tus naj npawb ntawm New Nuclei tsawg tsawg dua, thiab qhov seem oss zoo li nyob rau hauv ob peb "active nplej," ua rau lawv txuas ntxiv zinc spangles ntsuas 0.1-0.5mm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis sib xws diffusion ntawm tsawg kub exacerbates lub "ntug cuam tshuam," ua rau spangles pom ntau dua ntawm cov npoo.
Nruab nrab kub (20-50 degree):
Lub ion diffusion tus nqi yog ib nrab, tso cai zinc ions kom tusyees replenished rau cathode nto. Ua ke nrog ib txwm ceev tam sim no, txoj kev sib deev "nucleation ≈ Kev Loj Hlob Kev Loj Hlob" tuaj yeem ua tiav tau:
Tus naj npawb ntawm nuclei yog txaus thiab tusyees faib, tawm ntawm cov nplej cov nplej nrog qhov chaw tsis txaus kom loj hlob. Lub txiaj ntsig zoo nplej yog dawb ntawm cov spangles pom.
Qhov no tseem yog qhov ntsuas kub thiab txias rau feem ntau cov acid plating cov txheej txheem, ntsuas ion muab khoom thiab crystallization kev sib tw. Kev kub siab:
Ion diffusion tus nqi yog qhov tsis tshua muaj zog, ua rau "oversuply" ntawm zinc ions ntawm cathode nto. Txij ntawm no:
Cov "cov ntaub ntawv txwv" ntawm cov nyom kev loj hlob raug muab tshem tawm, tso cai rau cov nuclei kom sai tau sai sai.
Yog hais tias qhov tseem ua tsis tau zoo kuj tshwm sim, cov nplej tuaj yeem kov yeej cov nyhuv muaj cov nyhuv rau 0.5mm **, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm qhov txawv tam sim no.
2.How qhov ntsuas kub cuam tshuam rau "kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov organic ntxiv?
Tsawg kub (<20°C):
Organic cov tshuaj ntxiv tau txo cov solubility hauv electrolyte thiab lawv cov molecular qeeb, ua rau lawv raug mob ntau dua rau cov adsorption nyob hauv lub Cathode nto.
Feem ntau adsorption yuav tau npog nuclei, inhibiting tsim cov nplej ua kom zoo, ua rau thinning thiab taub hau dej.
Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub tsawg dhau, tus ntxiv yuav txawm crystallize thiab ua raws li cov sawb saum npoo av, sib sau "thiab cuam tshuam txuas ntxiv ntawm cov txheej.
Nruab nrab kub (20-50 degree):
Cov additive muaj medubility solubility thiab nquag molecular suab, ua kom muaj kev sib luag sib luag sib luag sib npaug ntawm cov Cathoo.
Nws xaiv Adsorbs tsuas yog nyob rau cov chaw nquag nrog cov qoob loo nrawm tshaj plaws thaum tsis cuam tshuam cov nucleation nrawm, thaum kawg ua rau muaj kev ywj pheej, cov txheej ci.
High temperatures (>60 degree):
Organic Additives yuav nquag nquag rau thermal decomposition.
Lub decomposition cov khoom poob lawv cov adsorption muaj peev xwm thiab tsis muaj peev xwm ua kom cov nyom sib txuas.
Undecomposed ntxiv, vim muaj cov lus qhia molecular ntau dhau, tsis ruaj khov ntawm lub Cathode nto, cuam tshuam ntau dua ntawm cov nyhuv inhibitions.
Ob qho tib neeg muaj kev pab txhawb rau cov kev tswj tsis tau cov qoob loo, ua rau cov kab laug liab tau pom.
3. Qhov ntsuas kub cuam tshuam li cas rau Crystal Coarsening?
Tsawg kub:
Lub electrolyte muaj kev tsis zoo. Tswj qhov ceev tam sim no yuav ua rau muaj:
Tsis ncaj ncees tam sim no faib rau ntawm cathode nto. Hauv zos "tam sim no tshaj tawm" tuaj yeem ua rau kev txo qis zinc ion txo, ua rau cov noob gregines.
Yog li no, qhov ceev tam sim no yuav tsum raug txo qis ntawm qis kub, tab sis qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj nucleation thiab tsim ntawm cov ntoo micrangic.
Siab kub:
Lub electrolyte muaj cov kev ua tau zoo, tso cai rau cov tuab sities tam sim no, uas theoretically txhawb nucleation. Txawm li cas los xij,
Thaum muaj kub kub, cov additives twb decomposed. High tam sim no txawv, txawm li cas los xij, nrawm zinc ion txo, ua kom nrawm dua, tsis muaj kev txwv tsis pub muaj qoob loo thiab ntau tshaj cov nawb.
Yog li, spangles feem ntau yuav ua rau muaj kev kub siab, tsis hais txog qib tam sim no.
4.Qhov dab tsi yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kub ntawm hydrogen evolution?
Lub hydrogen overpotential tsawg tsawg dua (piv txwv li, ntawm -0.8v ntawm 20℃rau -0.6v ntawm 70 qib), nrawm tus nqi ntxiv mus ntxiv thiab siv 10%-20%).
Qhov tseeb zinc depepition kev txo qis, qeeb qeeb nucleation tus nqi.
Thaum hydrogen escapes, nws tsim "cov ciav npuas" ntawm txheej txheej txheej. Qhov no tsis sib xws
5.Qhov dab tsi "peb theem nyhuv" ntawm qhov kub ntawm zinc spangles?
Tsawg tsawg kub: zinc ion diffusion yog qeeb, thiab cov khoom hauv nruab nrab tsis txaus; Cov additive muaj cov kev kawm adsorption muaj zog (yooj yim heev dhau); Lub xeev siv lead ua yog qhov zoo thiab spangled, tab sis tej zaum yuav posub, nrog cov ntoo me me rau ntawm cov npoo;
Nruab nrab kub: zinc ion diffusion; zinc ion diffusion; Zinc ion diffusion; Crystallization xeev thiab zinc paj nano-teev nplua cov muaju, tsis muaj lub paj
Kev kub siab: zinc ions diffuse sai thiab muaj nyob rau hauv tshaj; Ntxiv cov nquag siv decompose thermally, inhibiting tsis ua hauj lwm; Crystallization thiab ntxhib zinc lis daim ntawv pom tseeb zinc